According to the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, Disaster Management is defined as the organization, planning and application of measures preparing for, responding to and recovering from disasters.
Additionally, disaster management may not completely avert or eliminate the threats; it focuses on creating and implementing preparedness and other plans to decrease the impact of disasters and “build back better”. Failure to create and apply a plan could lead to damage to life, assets and lost revenue.
The Comprehensive Disaster Management Cycle
This framework seeks to reduce risk through the application of activities involving 5 phases: Prevention, Mitigation, Preparedness, Response and Recovery.
Prevention:
This involves actions to provide avoidance of the adverse impact of hazards and related disasters.
Mitigation:
This involves the implementation of structural and non-structural measures to limit the adverse impact of natural hazards, environmental degradation and technological hazards
Preparedness:
Activities and measures taken in advance to ensure effective response to the impact of hazards, including the issuance of timely and effective early warnings and the temporary evacuation of people and property from threatened locations.
Response:
This refers to the provision of assistance or intervention during or immediately after a disaster to preserve life and meet basic subsistence needs of those people affected. It can be immediate, short term or of a prolonged period.
Recovery:
In this phase decisions and actions are taken after a disaster with the intent to restore or improve (rehabilitate and reconstruct) the pre-disaster living conditions of the affected community, while encouraging and facilitating the necessary adjustments to reduce disaster risk.
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